Container and method of making the same



Jun 14, 1938.

G. A: MOORE CONTAINER AND METHOD OF MAKINGTHE SAME Filed Dec. 10," 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet l I l "mm...-

INVENTOR ATTORNEY June 14, 1938 A. MOORE 2,120,904

' CONTAINER AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Filed Dec. 10; 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet? INVENTOR ATTORNEY June 14,1938. MOORE 2,120,904

CONTAINER AND METHOD 0 MAKING THE SAME Filed Dec. 10, 1955 4 Sheets-Shet 5 ATTORNEY June 14, 1938. A RE.

CONTAINER AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Filed Dec. 10,- 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 I INVENTOR ATTORNEY UNITED STATES 2,120,904 CONTAINER AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME George Arlington Moore, Louisville, Ky., assignor to Humoco Corporation, Louisville, Ky., a corporation of Delaware Application December 10, 1935, Serial No. 53,722 9 Claims. (01? set-39.1)

This invention relates to fabricated containers and to methods of making the same.

Among the objects of the invention are the provision of (a) a novel container which is the coated surfaces of the laminations, a portion of the laminations being cut and separated for cleamess of illustration;

Fig. 4 is a perspective of the lower or bottom head of the container prior to its insertion into strong and durable, susbtantially impervious to the shell; 5 air and moisture, and one which may be fabri- Fig. 5 is a side elevation, partly in section, cated by means of automatic machinery capable of the cover shown in Fig. 1; i of securing rapid production in large quantities Fig. 6 is a side elevation, partly in section and .at low cost; (b) a container which. may be with parts broken away, illustrating the comopened by digital pressure; (0) a container havplete container; m ing a frangible but impervious head which may ,Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail view, with parts be readily opened without the use of a tool, the broken away, illustrating the seam between the escape of the contents of the container being upper head and shell and one manner in which prevented by a cover adapted to close the openthe cover is attached to the shell;

ing in the head; ((1) a container formed of fi- Fig. 8 is an end view illustrating one manner 15 brous material, such as paper, and/or plastic of forming the laminated shell; materials, such as bakelite, and/or cellulose ace- Fig. 9 is an end view illustrating one form of tate or nitrate films, and which lends itself to collapsible mandrel, in collapsed position, about the use of metal foil .in certain portions thereof; which the. laminations of the shell may be i (e) a container wherein thermoplastic lacquers, wound; adapted to be activated by heat, or a solvent, or Fig. 10 is a sectional side elevation, with parts both, are employed in the preferred method of brokenaway, illustrating one manner in which fabrication; '(f) a container which inone prethe strengthening grooves may be formed in the ferred form has substantially straight wall porside walls of the shell;

tions and rounded or arcuate connecting wall Fig. 11 is a sectional view illustrating one 25 portions; (9) a container which is reinforced at. manner in which the hatch may be formed in the marginal portions thereof withplies of the the upper head of the body, the flange drawn reinforcements welded together, one end of the therein, and a solvent applied to the outer surcontainer having a cover coacting with the reface of the flange to activate the lacquer on the so inforced portion; (h) a novel method of forminner surface of the shell for sealing purposes;

ing a plurality of parts and assembling and seal- Fig. 12 illustrates one manner in which the ing these parts to form the completed container; upper head carrying the hatch may be inserted and (i) a container which is pleasing in appearinto the container shell; ance and which particularly lends itself to Fig. 13 is a highly enlarged detail sectional as conservation of space in packing and shipping. view of one form of cutting means for forming The above and further objects and novel feathe hatch in the upper head of the container,

tures of the invention will appear more fully in and showing the effect of the cutting operation the detailed description, which is to be read in on the outer lamination of the head; connection with the accompanying drawings. It Fig. 14 is a detail side view, partly in section is to be expressly understood, however, that the I and with parts broken away, of the female die drawings are for purposes of illustration only of Fig. 12 on a. reduced scale;

and are not designed as a definition of the limits Fig. 15 is a somewhat diagrammatic view illusof the invention, reference for this latter purpose trating one manner in which the seam between being had primarily to the pp ed claimsthe head and the container shell is formed; and,

In the drawings, wherein like reference char-' Fig. 16 is a somewhat diagrammatic sectional acters "refer to like parts throughout the several view illustrating a second step in the method of views, forming the seam between the upper head of the Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred form container and the container shell. ofcover for the container; The container of the present invention, in the 5, Fig.2 is a perspective of the upper head of the form illustrated, comprises a shell or body I6 container before it is inserted into the container (Fig; 3) having straight side wall portions. cona body or shell; nected by arcuate end portions. Thisshell may Fig. 3 is a perspective of the container shell be formed by wrapping one or preferably a pluor body showing its laminated formation and rallty of rectangular blanks of paper about an ,55 expansible and collapsible mandrel l1 (Figs. 8

or both, and rendered effective to bind the overlapped ends of the blank together when the latter is properly shaped to'form the inner lamination of the container shell, and for securing the end closures or heads therein, as will be pointed out more fully hereafter. If heat alone is used as an activating agent, the lacquer should be rendered tacky only at temperatures considerably in excess of usual room temperatures, for example, 125 to 140 F.

One suitable lacquer for the inner surface of liner i8 is composed of about 65% of such ester solvents as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, or the like, and such hydro-carbons as toluol, and about 35% of solids which can be readily activated by solvents as well as heat. The solids content is composed of about 25% of low viscosity nitro-cotton, 60% of resins and about 15% of a plasticizer such as dibutyl phthalate which may have small quantities of vegetable oils added thereto, if desired. The resins employed may contain some gums, such as ester gum, but usually synthetic resins, which have more definite physical properties than any natural resin, are used. This lacquer isfree from tack at room temperatures and under normal conditions of humidity. Contact temperatures for forming seals at the overlapped edges of the shell laminations and between the shell and end closures therefor must be in excess of 140 F., the excess being dependent upon the speed of operation and conductivity of the materials used. Under normal conditions, the lacquer is firm, but sufiiciently fiexibleand elastic so that the same will not crack or flake, or become susceptible to penetration by air and mois-iture when the walls of the shell are deformed in a manner to appear hereafter.

Around liner I8'is wound a filler constituted by a second blank of long-fiber, normal-calendered kraft paper having a thickness of approximately .005 inch and having a thin dry film of glue 20 on the surface thereof. To avoid the presence of excessive moisture between the layers of the shell and shrinkage and drying with consequent wrinkling of blank IS, a film of animal glue approximately .0007 inch thick, which carries about 10% to 12% of moisture and which is rendered tacky when, the moisture content is raised to not more than 22% to 27%, is used.

. hereafter, the thickness of said label being 3 ilar in composition and thickness to that used on filler [9. Other suitable adhesives, such as ther-' noplastics, may be substituted for the animal glue on fillers l9 and 2 I, if found desirable.

The outer layer 'or label of shell I6 is constitu'ted by a blank 22 of sulphite paper to which sufficient bleached sulphate fiber is added to give,

it ample strength for withstanding the stresses incident to the forming operations to be described to .0033 inch. Although a film of animal glue 20 is shown on the inner surface of label 22, the same may in lieu thereof be coated with a film of lacquer about .0003 inch thick having adhesive qualities and adapted to be activated by a small amount of solvent. The solvents of one suitable lacquerfor this purpose are composed of about 25% of ester solvents, such as ethyl acetate, and

the remainder toluol. Thesolid content is composed of 85% high viscosity nitro-cellulose and 15% of a plasticizer such as dibutyl phthalate.

quer film about .0006 inch thick consisting of about equal percentages of solvents and solids is suitable and economical. The solvents may comprise ethyl acetate diluted with alcohol and toluol while the solids are made up of 30% low viscosity nitrocellulose, 10% of a plasticizer such as a modified cocoanut oil, and 60% of synthetic resins having as chief characteristics transparency and gloss. The upper end of the shell I6 is adapted to be closed by a head 23 (Fig. 2) and the lower end by closure 24 (Fig. 4), and a cover 25 (Fig.- 1) is secured to the upper end of the shell, all i the manner to be described hereafter.

In fabricating shell [6, blanks l8, l9, 2i and 22 are successively fitted between a reciprocating, resiliently mounted anvil 26 and expanding mandrel I] (Fig. 8), the last three blanks being first passed over rollers (not shown) dampened with water or other suitable solvent for activating the glue or lacquer coatings 20. Each blank is first moved by anvil 26 against the lower edge of o mandrel I! or the'previous blank and thereafter against the sides of said mandrel or previous blank by reciprocating flexible wrapping plates 27 which extend longitudinally along the full length of the shell and normally assume the dotted line position 2141. During the upward movement of plates 21, each blank is progressively moved into place, the. pressure of said plates, augmented by spring plates 28 and 29, being effective to press the adjacent blanks into inti-' mate contact with one another, distribute the activated adhesive in the interstices of the blanks, and to expel all air, there being no excessive adhesives to exude therefrom. when members 21 reach the'uppermost or dotted line position 21b, a pair of tucking members 30 are pivoted inwardly, in succession, to move the ends of the blank into overlapping relation, as indicated at 3|. -A heated iron 32 is then lowered into engagement with lap 3| to activate and properly set the adhesives, whereby the adjacent surfaces of the lap are welded together. Iron 32 may be heated'by any suitable means, such as electric, Y

ity, steam or gas, an electric heating element 33v being illustrated. Preferably, mandrel I1 is rotatably mounted on a rotatable turret, and each blank is applied to shell l8 at a different station in such a manner that laps 3| of alternate laminations will be spaced 180 apart, thereby avoiding excessive wall thickness at the laps and insuring the imperviousness of the shell.

The shell thus fabricated is moved by mandrel I! to a position between a pair of forming' dies 34 and 25 (Fig. 10) having a pair of clampof studs 38 for movement relative thereto and carrying die members 39 which slidably extend through slots in said clamping plates and coact with grooves 50 formed in side members lid of mandrel i'i. When dies at and 35 are moved toward body it, plates 36 and 31, which are normally held away from said dies by a plurality of springs M, yieldingly engage and encompass the outer surface of said body. Upon continued 'movement of members 3t and 35 with dies 39, the latter engage the walls of body it and draw the material thereof into grooves M of members Ila ,to form inwardly extending ribs $2 in said walls. In order to prevent any wrinkling or pleating of the material by reason of the shortening of the peripheral length thereof during the formation of ribs t2 and the grooves complementary thereto, the latter are interrupted at desired intervals. In the form shown, said ribs areinterrupted at the arcuate wall portions of the shell. Preferably, grooves Ml and dies 3d are so shaped that the inner surface of ribs t2 comprises a ledge portion Ma (Fig. 7)- extending inwardly substantially at right angles to the side walls, an' intermediate portion Mb which is substantially parallel to the side walls, and an inclined portion 42c connecting the side wall and portion 42b and disposed at an angle-of substantiallyin transferring and holding shell it during the fabrication, packing and sealing of the container.

After the formation of ribs 412, mandrel l! is moved to another station and collapsed (Fig. 9) by moving the central element 43 thereofto the left, as seen in Fig. 10, until the enlarged portions 430. and 43b register with recesses .in members Fla and 61b respectively. Shell it is then removed from the mandrel. The use of adhesives of the type specified above and the respective activations of these adhesivesresults in a shell or body of great strength that will retain its shape and which is particularly adapted to receive the die deformations without fracture.

Preferably, heads 23 and 24 are formed by subjecting flat laminated blanks to an embossing and drawing operation, the inner laminae 23a and 24a. of each blank being composed of fibrous material such as fiberboard, or the like, and the outer laminae 23b and 2419 being constituted by metal foil, such as an aluminum or lead foil. In forming head 23, a laminated blank 55 is inserted between a female die member 56 and a yielding" pressure memberv 41 to be acted upon by male die 48 which carries a relatively movable stripper member 59 mounted concentrically therewith and cooperates with a reciprocable buffer die 52,-the face of which is initially in alignment with the left-hand face of die 46 (Fig. 11). As dies 38 and t9 are moved to the right by shafts 50 and fat from the dotted line position Ma, a peripheral arcuate bead 53 on the face of die at engages the blank and draws the material of the marginal portion thereof'into a peripheral araaeoa arcuate groove M on the face of die 52, said marginal portion being heldfagainst wrinkling or buckling by member M. A groove 55 and a complementary rib are thus formed in the blank,

said rib adding rigidity and strength'to head 23 I and to the container as a whole.

During the formation of groove 55, the lower face of the blank contacts a cutting knife 56 which is preferably removably mounted in die 52 and projects upwardly from the face thereof.

Said knife extends completely around the face of die 52 adjacent the inner edge of groove 5t, and a vertical section of the cutting edge thereof has the outline of a scalene triangle. In order to prevent cutting edge 58 from destroying the moisture-proof qualities and impermeability of foil lamination 23b or of a veneer coating which may be placedon the outer surface of head 23, the pressure on the upper face of the blank opposite said scalene cutting edge is relieved by the provision of a similarly shaped groove in die member 49, thus preventing any ruptures of the materials by reason of compression thereon and permitting the central portion of dies t9 and 52 to contact the blank before said knife cuts entirely through the same. is moved into contact with die 52, 56 by die t8, 9, a. furrow 51 is cut around thecentral portion of head 23, thereby providing-said head wlth a hatch whereby an opening for dispensing the contents of the container may be readily made by digital pressure, said hatch being formed without destroying the impermeability of the head.

'To further facilitate the opening of the container, a plurality of outwardly extending ribs 58, 58a, which constitute bending lines or hinge means for the hatch, and buttons 59, which constitute means for readily locating the proper point for application of pressure, are embossed in head 23 by means of suitable contours on the face of die 52 adapted tocooperate with similarly shaped recesses in the face of stripping die as. In the form illustrated, four ribs 58, 580. are provided which divide head 23 into two pairs of sections 60 and (it, one pair of which is illustrated in open position by dotted lines in Fig. 6.

Further movement of die 48, 49 into die at is effective to draw the entire margin of blank into the latter die, thus forming thesmooth 'continuous flange 230 of head 23. The margin 1 of the blank is yieldingly held against buckling, during the drawing operation, by member M.

For a purpose to appear hereafter, novel means are provided for applying a suitable quantity of solvent to the outer surface of flange 230 which means, as shown, comprise a solvent dispensing strip or pad 62. The latter is positioned in a groove in, and constitutes a part of the inner wall of, an opening or pocket in a rotatable turret 63. Pad 62 is saturated with a suitable solvent such as a mixture of methyl Cellosolve and ethyl acetate which may be supplied thereto from a conduit 64 and through radial passages 85 extending inwardly from a groove 66 around the periphery of the turret which comprises a plurality of pockets 63. Head 23 is moved into pockets 63' to the dotted line position 23d by continued movement of dies 58 and 49 to the right, as seen in Fig. 11, said dies being then successively withdrawn, the latter serving to strip head 23 from die 68.

Turret 63 is then indexed to the position 11- Thus, when blank 35 thereof to prevent interference with the hatch above described. Ram 68 and member 69 normally assume the dotted line positions -58a and 69a. With pocket 63' and ram 68 in alignment, the upper end of a container body l6 which may be held by a revolvable and longitudinally movable chuck comprising a pair of cooperating jaws 10 and 1| (Fig. is moved thereby into an enlarged portion of said pocket.

Movement of ram 68 and stripper 69 to the right is effective to move head 23 into said body until' the lower edge of the head engages ledges,

edge of said body. Plates 63a may be secured in place by screws 63b that engage flanged portions thereof extending into the groove which houses pad 62. When members 63a are used, buffer die 52 is equipped with suitable yielding members for expanding members 63a when said die is moved through turret pocket 63'.

The outer surface of flange 230 having been dampened with solvent by pad 62 engages that portion of the inner surface of the margin l6a of body l6 which is not covered by plates 53a and deposits some of the solvent thereon. The solvent thus deposited and that remaining on flange 23c is effective to aid in the activation of adhesive coating. I80. on liner l8, the quantity of solvent being sufliciently small, however, to avoid the presence of excessive moisture in the joint or seam to be formed between body l6 and flange 230. It will be noted that by the novel means thus employed, an adhesive activating solventmay be applied to the inner surface of container IS without any possibility of contaminating the dies or product with solvent.

Head 23 having been thus inserted into body i6,

dies 68 and 69 are successively withdrawn, the latter serving as a stripping member during the initial retraction of the former, and chuck Hi, H withdraws body 6 with said head from turret 63. The chuck is then indexed to carry body IE to a plurality of other stations where the marginal portion of said body is curled or flowed into interlocking relation with and substantially welded to flange 230 to form an impervious seam.

A preferred means for flowing margin Ilia in a suitable manner is illustrated in Fig. 15 as comprising a segmental expansible female die 12 into which said margin is adapted to be inserted by chuck 10, H. A male die 13, having a peripheral groove 14 which is arcuate in radial cross-section, is adapted to be reciprocated in said female die and as the same is moved toward the right (Fig.

- 15) from the dotted line position 13a, the upper edge of body [6 is caused to follow the surface of groove 14, the radius of said surface being large enough so that margin Ilia will flow freely in an inward and downward direction without buckling. The flowing of said margin is carried to such an extent that the raw edge thereof extends into groove 55. The thrust against be i1 i6 during the flowing operation is absorbed by ribs 10a. and

. Ha on jaws Ill and l I, respectively, which register jacent the lower end of said body and by similar ribs on the inner surface of the parts of die 12 which register with the grooves adjacent the upper end of body I6.

After the flowing operation, body I6 is withdrawn from die.'l2 and again indexed by means of chuck 10, H to a position from which the upper end of the body may be moved into a second segmental expansible die 15 which, like die 12, is provided with ribs 15a adapted to register with the grooves on the side Walls of said body. A pair of smaller but similarly shaped ribs 15 is also provided on the inner surface of die 15 to form grooves 18 and 19 in the front and back of the container adjacent the upper end thereof, said latter grooves constituting securing and latching means for cover 25. When the segments of die 15 have been moved into engagement with body IS,- a collapsible male die 80 is expanded into contact with and exerts a pressure upon margin Ilia thereby pressing the wall of body 16 and margin I60. into intimate contact with each side of flange 23c and'forcing. the material of said margin into groove 55, thus burying-the raw edge of the margin and locking the same in said groove. The profile of the lower portion of the parts of die 80 is such as to permit the material of margin |6a to assume the configuration ret11'uired in the proper formation of grooves by ribs Surrounding segmental die 80 and in sliding engagement with die '15 is a bolster 8| which is provided with heating means such as electric heating coils 82. Heat is conducted by the metal dies from said coils to joint Ilia, 23c for further activating the thermoplastic adhesive coating 18a, the activation of which was initiated by a solvent from pad 62. The adhesive is sufficiently activated by the heat and solvent so that the pressure exerted by die ,80 is effective to cause the same to flow into the interstices of the paper laminations without'saturating the same. The joint thus formed serves to reinforce the container and is impervious to air and moisture.

Although hatch 80, BI is so constructed that it may be easily manipulated to close the opening made thereby for the purpose of avoiding any spilling of the contents of the container, a hinged cover 25 is also provided. Said cover is preferably constituted by a blank of fibrous material such as fiberboard having a thin sheet 25 (Fig. '7) of cellulose acetate secured to the outer surface thereof by a solvent adhesive which contains about 20% solids including some resins and a plasticizer. Sheet 25' is adapted to be rendered semi-plastic when heated by the dies employed in forming the blank into cover 25, but sets quickly whenallowed to cool and becomes effective to hold the deformed fiberboard under stress and against any tendencies to spring back toward its original position. Additionally, said acetate coating, which may be colored in any desired manner by adding a proper pigment, gives a high gloss to the cover and renders the surface thereof impervious.

The fiber and acetate blank above described is subjected to the action of drawing and forming dies operating on the same principles as those employed in forming heads 23 to form cover 25 which, when completed, comprises a central portion having an inwardly projecting rib 25a there-' in to give strength and rigidity thereto, a tab 25!) extending downwardly at the back thereof, and a downwardly extending flange 25c around the front and sides thereof, said flange being out away adjacent tab 25b to permit ready opening thereof, thereby welding said marginal portion.

of the cover and to provide clearance for the pouring and discharge of products from the container. Tab 2% has a rib 42d impressed therein which is adapted to register with groove '32 on the back of body I6, and a smaller rib 19a adapted to fit into groove 19 of the container and serve as a bending line or hinge for the cover.

For securing cover 2.5 to body it, athin coating of thermoplastic adhesive adapted to be activated by either heat or a solvent, but preferably by both, is applied to the inner surface of tab 2%. One suitable method for joining said cover to the container body consists in applying a solvent to the area I61) on the container (Fig. 3) by Sliding the latter past a wick saturated with a solvent and engaged by the walls of a thereafter pressing tab 25b against the same by means of a heated iron shaped to conform to p the contour of grooves 42d and 19a. An inwardly projecting rib 18a. adapted to cooperate with groove 18 to constitute a latch for holding cover 25 in closed position is provided on flange 25c. When said cover is in closed position, the upper rim of the container extends into and is resiliently channel 25d between rib 25a and flange 250 of the cover, and rib Eda is resiliently held in register with groove 18.

After the container has'been filled with the desired product, bottom it may be inserted therein and secured in place in a manner and by mechanisms similar to those above described for inserting and sealing head 23.

There is thus provided a novel container and new methods for fabricating containers. It-is to be expressly understood that the invention is not limited to a container having a specific shape or size, since those skilled in the art will observe that the invention may be embodied in containers of various containers. Specific thicknesses of paper or fiber sheets and lacquer and glue coatings have been given, but these may be widely varied, depending on the'uses to which the container is to be put and on the cost requirements. In certain types of containers, the heads or shells, or both, may be formed of a single sheet or a plurality of sheets of paper or other materials, fibrous or plastic. In the embodiment illustrated, the cover is preferably formed from a cellulose acetate sheet laminated with fiberboard, but success has been had with covers formed from laminated blanks having metal foil as one of the laminae. It will accordingly be understood that reference will be had primarily to the appended claims for a definition of the limits of the invention.

What isclaimed is: 1

1. In a container, a body and a cover therefor constituted by a laminated blank having a lamina of paper and a lamina of cellulose acetate intimately united by an adhesive, said blank being deformed while heated whereby said acetate lamina is rendered plastic but sets when cooled to hold said paper lamina in deformed position.

2. In the art of making containers comprising fibrous material, the method which comprises fabricating a shell, inserting a flanged head. in

said shell in contact with the marginal portion.

thereof and simultaneously activating an adhesive interposed between said marginal portion and the flange of said head, fiowing said marginal portion into overlapping relation with said flange to form a joint, and subjecting the plies of the joint to heavy pressure for moving said plies into intimate contact with each other and pressing said activated adhesive into the interstices shapes and sizes, for example, in round said coating to the edges of the and flange together.

3. The method of fabricatinga container which includes the steps of applying an adhesive solvent to the outer surface of the flange of a closure member by moving the latter in wiping engagement with a moistened absorbent pad, and inserting said closure into the container body by continuedmovement thereof.

4. In the art of making containers comprising fibrous material, the method which comprises fabricating a container body with a dry film of re-activatable adhesive upon the inner surface thereof, forming a flanged end closure for said body, applying a solvent to theflanged portion of said closure, inserting said closure into said body in contact with said adhesive, the latter being activated by said solvent, flowing the marginal portion of the walls of said body into interlocking relation with said flange portion, and subjecting the parts to the action of pressure for pressing the activated adhesive into the interstices of the interlocking portions and substantially welding the same together.

. 5. The method of making a container which includes forming a shell, and drawing an internal rib in the, wall of said shell intermediate the ends thereof while supporting said wall by means closely engaging the same about the entire inner periphery of the shell on opposite sides of said rib and yieldingly pressing said wall against said supporting means. I

d. The method of making a container which includes the steps of forming a shell on a mandrel, and thereafter forming an internal rib in said shell intermediate the ends of the mandrel while yieldingly pressing the walls of the mandrel on opposite sides said rib.

'7. The method of, making a container which includes the steps of forming a shell on a mandrel, forming an internal rib in said shell intermediate the ends of the mandrel while yieldlngly pressing the walls of the-shell against the mandrel, and cbntracting said mandrel sufficiently to allow said shell to be removed therefrom.

8. The method of making a container comprising fibrous materials which includes'coating at least a portion of one surface of a blank with a composition having. adhesive properties, allowing said coating to become dry, forming a. tubular body including said blank with the composition coating on, the latter inside'the body and with the edges of the blank overlapping, securing said overlapping edges together by activating the composition coating therebetween, moistening the marginal portion of each end of the body with a solvent and inserting a flanged closure in each end of said body, and securing said closures in place with the moistened marginal coating by the application of heat and pressure.

9. The method of making a container comprisof and adjacent ing flbrous materials which includes coating at' least aportion of one surface of a blank with a composition having adhesive properties, allowing become dry, forming a tubular body including said blank with the composition coating on the latter inside the body and with blankv overlapping, adheslvely securing said overlapping edges together, moistening the marginal portion of one end of said 1 tubular body with a solvent and inserting a said shell against flanged closure in said end, and securing said.

closure in place with the moistened marginal coating by the application of pressure.

GEORGE MINGTON MOORE. 

